A roof covering is part of any building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which gives protection from family pets and weather, rain or snow notably, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building which it addresses, the available roof covering materials and the local traditions of engineering and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering may provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the design of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and real wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof structure is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof increases from its minimum to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of looks and traditions. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In locations where there is little rain, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also take away the need for a sloping roof structure.
Somebody who specializes in roof top construction is called a roofer.The durability of your rooftop is a matter of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof covering is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof covering are a factor in its structure and the choice of roofing material.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous materials especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outer covering often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against temperature and cold, noises, dirt and often from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are plastic or thought sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed below the tiles or other material straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular increasingly, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roofer can have problems with problems like the formation of snow dams about the overhanging eaves in winter, causing normal water from melted snow on higher parts of the roof structure to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams appear when temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true details melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This can cause structural destruction from stress, including the damage of gutter and drainage systems.
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