A roofing is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of your building or shelter which gives protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are centered upon the purpose of the building so it covers, the available roofing materials and the neighborhood traditions of engineering and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that defends against sun rays but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may provide additional liveable space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and solid wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint of which the roof rises from its most affordable to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried up areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and traditions. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, also to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roof, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In locations where there is little rainfall, an almost toned roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the dependence on a sloping roofing.
Somebody who specializes in roof top construction is called a roofer.The durability of the roofing is a matter of matter because the roofing is usually the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a roof covering is to safeguard people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of an roofing are a concern in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofer materials, particularly those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is installed under the external level often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, sound, dirt and often from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roofing surface, it can reduce heating system caused by the sun.Types of insulation are believed or clear plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed directly below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become progressively more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roofing can have problems with problems such as the formation of ice dams round the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on top elements of the roof top to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams occur when high temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true tips melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can lead to structural damage from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
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