A roof top is part of the building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building it includes, the available roofer materials and the neighborhood traditions of engineering and wider principles of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that defends against sun rays but admits the other elements. The roof of your garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure could also provide additional living space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the look of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of your roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the globe ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and lumber shingles and shakes.
The construction of the roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof increases from its minimum to highest point. Most US home architecture, except in very dried out locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and appearance. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In parts where there is little rain, an almost toned roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also take away the dependence on a sloping roof structure.
A person that specializes in roofing construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roofing is a matter of concern because the roofing is usually the least accessible part of any building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or harm can have serious results.
Because the reason for a roofing is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of any roof structure are a thought in its composition and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofer materials, specifically those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is installed under the external coating often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, noises, dirt and grime and frequently from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating up caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are sensed or cheap sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed immediately below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular significantly, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roofer can suffer from problems like the formation of glaciers dams about the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on top elements of the roof top to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams occur when temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those items melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This can bring about structural destruction from stress, like the devastation of gutter and drainage systems.
markedup common rafter ready to cut as shown in the diagram below
Carpenters build conventional rafter roof frames onsite. The rafters
roof shapes click on the roof shapes to display their trussed rafter
Shed Roof Question Rafter Layout Building amp; Construction DIY
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