A roof is part of a building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building that it protects, the available roofer materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider principles of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the look of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and timber shingles and shakes.
The construction of the roof depends upon its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the position of which the roof goes up from its most affordable to highest point. Most US home architecture, except in very dried out areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes might remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and looks. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In parts where there is little rainfall, an almost toned roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the need for a sloping rooftop.
Somebody who specializes in roofing construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roof structure is a matter of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a roofing is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of an roofing are a consideration in its structure and the choice of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, those of natural fibrous material specifically, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the exterior level. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against high temperature and cold, noise, dirt and grime and frequently from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the roofing surface, it can reduce warming caused by the sun.Forms of insulation are experienced or cheap sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other materials immediately; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become more and more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof covering can have problems with problems like the formation of snow dams surrounding the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing normal water from melted snow on top elements of the roof to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This may result in structural harm from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
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This is due to design to shed snow and was influenced by the roofing
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