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A rooftop is part of your building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The term denotes the framing or composition which supports that covering also.[1]The characteristics of your roof are centered upon the goal of the building it addresses, the available roof materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof structure garden.The elements in the design of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and lumber shakes and shingles.The construction of your roof is determined by its approach to support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the position of which the roof rises from its most affordable to highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dried regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and custom. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and to do with practicalities partially.Some types of roofer, for example thatch, require a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In locations where there is little rainwater, an almost flat roof with a slight run-off provides sufficient protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof.A person that specializes in roof structure construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roof covering is a subject of matter because the rooftop is often the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its devastation or destruction can have serious results.Because the purpose of a roofing is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof are a thought in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, specifically those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is installed under the outside coating often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heat and cold, noise, dirt and frequently from the droppings and lice of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.Cement tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce heat caused by the sun.Forms of insulation are believed or cheap sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other materials straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become progressively popular, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.Poorly insulated and ventilated roofing can have problems with problems such as the formation of ice dams round the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing normal water from melted snow on top elements of the roof top to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when warmth escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those tips melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This may result in structural destruction from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.

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