A roof is part of the building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of the building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are reliant upon the purpose of the building which it includes, the available roofing materials and the neighborhood traditions of engineering and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of your garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the look of a roof top are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of your roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its minimum to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dry out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes may remove the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In parts where there is little rain, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also remove the dependence on a sloping roof covering.
Somebody who specializes in roof covering construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roofing is a matter of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof covering is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the roof covering are a thought in its composition and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof materials, especially those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is installed under the outside part often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against temperature and cold, noise, mud and frequently from the lice and droppings of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are noticed or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed straight below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular more and more, and in some instances are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof covering can suffer from problems such as the formation of ice dams round the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on higher elements of the roof to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when heat escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural destruction from stress, like the damage of drainage and gutter systems.
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