A roof covering is part of any building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building which it protects, the available roof materials and the local traditions of engineering and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mostly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering could also provide additional living space, for example a roof covering garden.The elements in the design of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roof), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the entire world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and hardwood shakes and shingles.
The construction of the roof depends upon its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof top is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof rises from its most affordable to highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dried out areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes might take away the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rain, an almost toned roof with hook run-off provides enough protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also remove the dependence on a sloping roof structure.
A person that specializes in roof construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roof structure is a matter of matter because the roof covering is usually the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or devastation can have serious results.
Because the reason for a roof covering is to safeguard people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of an rooftop are a consideration in its composition and the choice of roofing materials.Some roof covering materials, especially those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outer layer often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against heating and cold, noise, mud and often from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce heating system caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are sensed or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed below the tiles or other material directly; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular progressively, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof covering can suffer from problems such as the formation of ice dams across the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on upper elements of the roof top to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams arise when temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those details melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This may result in structural destruction from stress, like the damage of drainage and gutter systems.
to LEED credits!! – Drexel Metals39; Standing Seam Metal Roofing Blog
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