A roofing is part of an building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of your building or shelter which gives protection from family pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of your roof are centered upon the goal of the building it protects, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of building and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof covering garden.The elements in the design of a roof top are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and lumber shakes and shingles.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up roof top is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint of which the roof increases from its most affordable to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may remove the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and tradition. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In locations where there is little rain, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides enough protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the need for a sloping roof also.
A person that specializes in roof top construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roof top is a matter of concern because the roof structure is usually the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or destruction can have serious results.
Because the reason for a roof is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof structure are a thought in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, those of natural fibrous material especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outer coating often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against high temperature and cold, noise, dirt and grime and often from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are noticed or plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed immediately below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular more and more, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof can suffer from problems such as the formation of snow dams around the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on upper parts of the roof covering to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams arise when high temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true tips melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This may bring about structural damage from stress, like the damage of drainage and gutter systems.
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