A roofing is part of your building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of the building or shelter which provides protection from family pets and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are dependent upon the goal of the building that this includes, the available roof materials and the local traditions of development and wider principles of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects mostly against rain. A verandah might be roofed with materials that protects against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA rooftop might provide additional living space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated wine glass, copper (see: copper roof), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.
The construction of any roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the perspective at which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US home architecture, except in very dried out areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern engineering elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and traditions. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In areas where there is little rainwater, an almost toned roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also take away the dependence on a sloping roof structure.
A person that specializes in rooftop construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roof top is a subject of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a roof structure is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a rooftop are a factor in its structure and the choice of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, specifically those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside level. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, sound, dirt and grime and often from the droppings and lice of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed going out of a space between the tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce heating up caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are thought or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed immediately below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular more and more, and sometimes are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofing can have problems with problems including the formation of glaciers dams about the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing normal water from melted snow on top elements of the roofing to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams arise when high temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can lead to structural destruction from stress, like the damage of drainage and gutter systems.
This great ETS concept can turn unusable roof voids into valuable new
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