A roof is part of the building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which gives protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of a roof are reliant upon the goal of the building that this covers, the available roofing materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that defends against natural light but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing may also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof top garden.The elements in the look of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of your roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated wine glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and timber shingles and shakes.
The construction of an roof depends upon its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof increases from its least expensive to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dry out regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might take away the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and appearance. So the pitch is partly dependent after stylistic factors, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost even roof with a slight run-off provides enough protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the dependence on a sloping roof top also.
Somebody who specializes in roof covering construction is called a roofer.The durability of the roof top is a subject of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of any building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or devastation can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof top is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof covering are a consideration in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof covering materials, particularly those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the external level. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against high temperature and cold, noises, dirt and grime and often from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed departing a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating system caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are clear plastic or felt sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed directly below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become increasingly popular, and sometimes are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof can suffer from problems including the formation of snow dams throughout the overhanging eaves in winter, causing drinking water from melted snow on higher elements of the roofing to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams arise when heating escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true details melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can lead to structural harm from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
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