A roof is part of any building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, rain or snow notably, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word denotes the framing or framework which helps that covering also.[1]The characteristics of the roof are based mostly upon the goal of the building which it protects, the available roofer materials and the neighborhood traditions of development and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mostly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof may also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof covering garden.The elements in the design of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and real wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and set up roofing is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof increases from its lowest to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dry out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost toned roof with a slight run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the need for a sloping roof covering also.
A person that specializes in roof covering construction is named a roofer.The durability of the roof covering is a subject of matter because the roof is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or devastation can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof top is to safeguard people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of any roof covering are a concern in its composition and the choice of roofing material.Some roofer materials, particularly those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is installed under the outside layer often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against warmth and cold, noise, dirt and frequently from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce heat caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are felt or plastic material sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed straight below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become ever more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems such as the formation of glaciers dams round the overhanging eaves in winter, causing drinking water from melted snow on top parts of the roof covering to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams appear when temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true things melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the lower points. This can result in structural destruction from stress, like the devastation of gutter and drainage systems.
Shed Roof Design Shed roof plans
Roofs: Roof Truss Design
Roof plan digitised for scanned plan or satellite image.
roof trusses design 1538 x 1494 314 kb jpeg free house floor plans 500
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