A roof top is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which gives protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The term denotes the framing or framework which supports that covering also.[1]The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the goal of the building that this addresses, the available roof covering materials and the local traditions of development and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering might provide additional living space, for example a roof covering garden.The elements in the design of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and hardwood shakes and shingles.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roofing is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof rises from its minimum to highest point. Most US home architecture, except in very dried areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and tradition. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In parts where there is little rainfall, an almost smooth roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the dependence on a sloping roof top.
A person that specializes in roof top construction is named a roofer.The durability of your roofing is a subject of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof structure is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof structure are a awareness in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous materials particularly, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside coating. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against temperature and cold, noises, mud and frequently from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between the tiles and the roof covering surface, it can reduce heating system caused by the sun.Types of insulation are thought or clear plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular progressively more, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof can suffer from problems like the formation of glaciers dams across the overhanging eaves in winter, causing drinking water from melted snow on upper parts of the roof structure to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams arise when temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true items melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This may cause structural damage from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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