A roof is part of your building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of your building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are centered upon the goal of the building which it protects, the available roof covering materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering could also provide additional living space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the look of a rooftop are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and real wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of the roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof increases from its least expensive to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dry regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and tradition. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainfall, an almost level roof with hook run-off provides enough protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes remove the dependence on a sloping roof structure also.
A person that specializes in roof covering construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roof top is a subject of matter because the roof covering is usually the least accessible part of the building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or damage can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof structure is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the rooftop are a consideration in its composition and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, those of natural fibrous materials particularly, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the outer level. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against warmth and cold, noise, mud and frequently from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are sensed or cheap sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other materials straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become increasingly popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems such as the formation of ice dams throughout the overhanging eaves in winter, causing drinking water from melted snow on top parts of the roof to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when high temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those tips melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can result in structural harm from stress, like the damage of gutter and drainage systems.
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