A roof top is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of your roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building which it addresses, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of engineering and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may also provide additional living space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the design of a roof top are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of an roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and lumber shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof structure is pitched. The pitch is the perspective at which the roof goes up from its minimum to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried out regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern engineering elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and traditions. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In parts where there is little rainfall, an almost even roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the dependence on a sloping rooftop.
A person that specializes in roofing construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roofing is a matter of concern because the roof structure is usually the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or harm can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a roof structure is to safeguard people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof structure are a concern in its composition and the decision of roofing material.Some roofer materials, particularly those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside layer. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against warmth and cold, sound, dirt and often from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the roof covering surface, it can reduce heating caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are clear plastic or experienced sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed below the tiles or other materials straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become progressively popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems like the formation of glaciers dams around the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing normal water from melted snow on higher elements of the roof structure to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams arise when heating escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those tips melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the lower points. This may cause structural destruction from stress, like the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
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