A roof is part of any building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which provides protection from family pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are based mostly upon the goal of the building that it protects, the available roof materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mostly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure may provide additional living space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the look of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the globe ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and hardwood shakes and shingles.
The construction of an roof is determined by its approach to support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the perspective of which the roof increases from its minimum to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried up areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and tradition. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In parts where there is little rainwater, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the dependence on a sloping roofing also.
Somebody who specializes in roof covering construction is called a roofer.The durability of your roof is a matter of matter because the roof top is usually the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or devastation can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof structure is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of an rooftop are a factor in its structure and the decision of roofing material.Some roof materials, specifically those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the exterior level. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against heat and cold, noises, dirt and often from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce warming caused by the sun.Forms of insulation are plastic or felt sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed straight below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming progressively more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofing can have problems with problems like the formation of snow dams surrounding the overhanging eaves in winter, causing normal water from melted snow on upper parts of the roof covering to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams happen when high temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true tips melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the lower points. This may lead to structural harm from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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