A roof top is part of your building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are centered upon the goal of the building it addresses, the available roofing materials and the neighborhood traditions of development and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that defends against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof structure garden.The elements in the design of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and timber shakes and shingles.
The construction of the roof depends upon its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roofing is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US home structures, except in very dried out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of looks and custom. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In locations where there is little rain, an almost even roof with a slight run-off provides enough protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes remove the need for a sloping roof also.
Somebody who specializes in roof covering construction is called a roofer.The durability of an roof covering is a matter of matter because the roofing is often the least accessible part of the building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a rooftop is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your rooftop are a concern in its framework and the choice of roofing materials.Some roof covering materials, particularly those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outer part often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against temperature and cold, noises, dirt and grime and often from the droppings and lice of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce heating caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are believed or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed below the tiles or other material immediately; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular more and more, and in some instances are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof can suffer from problems such as the formation of glaciers dams around the overhanging eaves in winter, causing normal water from melted snow on top parts of the roof top to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams occur when high temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those details melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the lower points. This may lead to structural destruction from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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