A roof covering is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are centered upon the purpose of the building which it protects, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of engineering and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that protects against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA rooftop might provide additional living space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the design of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roof), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of an roof is determined by its approach to support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the rooftop is pitched. The pitch is the perspective at which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US home structures, except in very dry out locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and appearance. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainfall, an almost smooth roof with a slight run-off provides enough protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the need for a sloping roof covering.
Somebody who specializes in rooftop construction is named a roofer.The durability of the roof structure is a subject of concern because the roof is usually the least accessible part of any building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or destruction can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof structure is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof are a factor in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof materials, those of natural fibrous materials especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the external level often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against temperature and cold, sound, dirt and grime and frequently from the droppings and lice of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce home heating caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are clear plastic or felt sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed directly below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming more and more popular, and sometimes are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof can have problems with problems like the formation of ice dams round the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on higher parts of the roof covering to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams appear when high temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true tips melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This can result in structural harm from stress, including the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
Download image Single Pitch Roof Truss PC, Android, iPhone and iPad
Download image Single Pitch Roof Truss PC, Android, iPhone and iPad
http://www.atticroomdesign.com.my/How_To_%20Determine_Roof_Pitch.html
roof house – compared with pitched roof and flat roof Home Design
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