A roof is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which gives protection from family pets and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of the roof are reliant upon the goal of the building which it covers, the available roofer materials and the neighborhood traditions of development and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mostly against rain. A verandah might be roofed with materials that helps to protect against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the design of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of your roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and solid wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of an roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up roof is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its most affordable to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried up parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of looks and tradition. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In locations where there is little rain, an almost even roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes take away the dependence on a sloping roof structure also.
Somebody who specializes in roof construction is named a roofer.The durability of any roofing is a matter of concern because the roof covering is usually the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roofing is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of an roof structure are a consideration in its framework and the choice of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, specifically those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is installed under the outer layer often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, noise, dirt and grime and often from the droppings and lice of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are clear plastic or noticed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming progressively popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roof can have problems with problems such as the formation of ice dams throughout the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on top elements of the roof structure to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true things melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can result in structural harm from stress, including the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
roof shapes click on the roof shapes to display their trussed rafter
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