A roof covering is part of a building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from pets or animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of the roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building that it protects, the available roof materials and the local traditions of development and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that defends against sun light but admits the other elements. The roof of your garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may also provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the design of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of your roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roofing is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof goes up from its least expensive to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried out locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern engineering elements such as drainpipes might remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and appearance. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, require a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In areas where there is little rainwater, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the dependence on a sloping roof covering.
Somebody who specializes in roof construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roofing is a matter of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or devastation can have serious results.
Because the reason for a rooftop is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof are a concern in its framework and the decision of roofing material.Some roofer materials, specifically those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outside covering often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against heating and cold, sound, mud and frequently from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce heating caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are believed or plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed straight below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular progressively, and in some cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof covering can have problems with problems including the formation of glaciers dams about the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on top elements of the roof structure to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams happen when high temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those factors melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This may cause structural harm from stress, like the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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