A roof top is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are based mostly upon the goal of the building that it protects, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of structure and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may provide additional living space, for example a roof structure garden.The elements in the look of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the globe ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of your roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and set up roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the position of which the roof goes up from its least expensive to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dry out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and looks. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof, for example thatch, require a steep pitch to become waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In parts where there is little rainfall, an almost smooth roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the dependence on a sloping roof structure also.
Somebody who specializes in roof structure construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roof is a matter of concern because the roof top is usually the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or devastation can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof covering is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of any roof structure are a factor in its framework and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof materials, especially those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outer level often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against temperature and cold, sound, dirt and grime and frequently from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between the tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce heat caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are clear plastic or experienced sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed straight below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming progressively more popular, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof can suffer from problems like the formation of ice dams across the overhanging eaves in winter, causing normal water from melted snow on higher elements of the roofing to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams take place when heat escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This may bring about structural damage from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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