A roof top is part of a building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which gives protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word denotes the framing or composition which supports that covering also.[1]The characteristics of the roof are centered upon the purpose of the building it protects, the available roofing materials and the neighborhood traditions of structure and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of your garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top could also provide additional living space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of an roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of a roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up roofing is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof rises from its least expensive to highest point. Most US home structures, except in very dried out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern engineering elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and looks. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In locations where there is little rainfall, an almost level roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes remove the need for a sloping roof structure also.
A person that specializes in roof covering construction is called a roofer.The durability of your roof structure is a matter of matter because the roof is often the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or devastation can have serious results.
Because the reason for a roof covering is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the roofing are a consideration in its composition and the decision of roofing material.Some roof materials, those of natural fibrous materials particularly, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the external layer. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against heat and cold, noises, mud and often from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roof covering surface, it can reduce heat caused by the sun.Types of insulation are clear plastic or believed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed straight below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming ever more popular, and in some cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roof can have problems with problems including the formation of ice dams about the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on higher parts of the roof top to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when heating escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those details melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This can cause structural damage from stress, like the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
Roof Framing Geometry: How to Layout Jack Rafter Side Cut Angles using
Pyramid Roof Framing pyramid roof framing
Draw the Hip Rafter Plumb Line @ the End of Hip Rafter Level Line
Rafters with Ceiling Joists are often used for smaller roof spans or
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