A roof is part of any building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from family pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the goal of the building so it addresses, the available roof materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof covering garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of parts of the entire world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of the roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the position of which the roof increases from its most affordable to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried up parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of traditions and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof.
A person that specializes in rooftop construction is called a roofer.The durability of an roof covering is a matter of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of any building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or destruction can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof top is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof covering are a factor in its framework and the choice of roofing material.Some roof covering materials, especially those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the exterior coating. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against warmth and cold, noises, dirt and often from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed going out of a space between the tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce heating system caused by the sun.Types of insulation are felt or clear plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed straight below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular significantly, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofer can have problems with problems like the formation of ice dams surrounding the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on upper elements of the roof top to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams arise when temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural damage from stress, like the devastation of gutter and drainage systems.
This is due to design to shed snow and was influenced by the roofing
roofing design
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