A roof structure is part of a building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of the roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building it addresses, the available roof covering materials and the local traditions of development and wider principles of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that defends against sun light but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof may also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof top garden.The elements in the look of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of your roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and real wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of any roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roofing is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint of which the roof increases from its most affordable to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dry locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes may remove the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of traditions and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In areas where there is little rainwater, an almost level roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the need for a sloping roof also.
A person that specializes in rooftop construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roofing is a subject of concern because the roof covering is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its devastation or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a rooftop is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof are a factor in its composition and the choice of roofing material.Some roof materials, especially those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the outer layer. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against high temperature and cold, sound, mud and frequently from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are felt or plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material directly; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular ever more, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roof can have problems with problems such as the formation of glaciers dams throughout the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on higher elements of the roof covering to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams arise when temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true points melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural destruction from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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