A roofing is part of a building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are reliant upon the purpose of the building so it protects, the available roof materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects generally against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top might provide additional liveable space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the look of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of an roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and wood shingles and shakes.The construction of a roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the rooftop is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof increases from its lowest to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried out regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of traditions and appearance. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, also to do with practicalities partially.Some types of roofer, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In areas where there is little rain, an almost level roof with a slight run-off provides sufficient protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes take away the need for a sloping roofing also.A person that specializes in roof covering construction is named a roofer.The durability of the roof covering is a subject of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or harm can have serious results.Because the reason for a rooftop is to safeguard people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof are a awareness in its structure and the decision of roofing material.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous material particularly, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is installed under the exterior coating often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against temperature and cold, noise, dirt and often from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are plastic material or sensed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material immediately; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming more and more popular, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.Poorly insulated and ventilated roof covering can suffer from problems including the formation of glaciers dams throughout the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on top elements of the roofing to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams occur when high temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those items melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can cause structural harm from stress, like the damage of gutter and drainage systems. Thanks a lot for reading and visit our blog, do not forget to share this article.