A roof is part of a building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of your roof are based mostly upon the goal of the building which it includes, the available roof covering materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah might be roofed with material that helps to protect against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering may also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the design of a rooftop are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roof), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.
The construction of an roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried up regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and appearance. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainfall, an almost level roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes remove the dependence on a sloping roof also.
Somebody who specializes in roofing construction is named a roofer.The durability of an roof structure is a subject of concern because the roof top is usually the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or devastation can have serious results.
Because the reason for a rooftop is to safeguard people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of any roof top are a concern in its framework and the choice of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, specifically those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the external covering often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against warmth and cold, noises, dirt and often from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce heating up caused by the sun.Forms of insulation are believed or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed immediately below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become ever more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofer can suffer from problems such as the formation of snow dams around the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on top parts of the roof top to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams appear when heating escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those tips melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This may bring about structural harm from stress, like the damage of drainage and gutter systems.
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