A rooftop is part of your building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word denotes the framing or composition which helps that covering also.[1]The characteristics of a roof are dependent upon the purpose of the building which it covers, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure may also provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the design of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of parts of the planet ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and solid wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the position at which the roof goes up from its most affordable to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dry out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes may remove the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and looks. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof.
A person that specializes in roofing construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roof is a subject of matter because the roof covering is usually the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its devastation or damage can have serious results.
Because the reason for a rooftop is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the roof are a consideration in its composition and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof covering materials, those of natural fibrous material especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside covering. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against warmth and cold, noise, mud and often from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed going out of a space between your tiles and the roof structure surface, it can reduce heating caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are felt or plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other materials directly; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular progressively more, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roofer can have problems with problems including the formation of ice dams surrounding the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on upper elements of the roof covering to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams happen when heat escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true things melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can lead to structural destruction from stress, including the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
Reply 2 on: April 14, 2009, 05:48:55 AM »
http://www.northernarchitecture.info/steelconstruction/curvedtubular
Calculation of project price
http://www.northernarchitecture.info/steelconstruction/curvedtubular
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