A roof structure is part of the building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of your roof are centered upon the purpose of the building it covers, the available roof covering materials and the local traditions of structure and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering could also provide additional living space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the entire world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and real wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof is determined by its approach to support and how the underneath space is bridged and set up roofing is pitched. The pitch is the perspective of which the roof rises from its most affordable to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried up regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and traditions. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In areas where there is little rainwater, an almost toned roof with a slight run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping rooftop.
Somebody who specializes in roof structure construction is called a roofer.The durability of the roof top is a subject of concern because the roof covering is often the least accessible part of the building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or devastation can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a rooftop is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the rooftop are a consideration in its structure and the choice of roofing materials.Some roofer materials, particularly those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is installed under the external coating often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against high temperature and cold, noises, dirt and grime and frequently from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between the tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heat caused by the sun.Forms of insulation are plastic or experienced sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed immediately below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular increasingly, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof can suffer from problems like the formation of ice dams throughout the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on top elements of the roof covering to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams arise when heating escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those factors melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural damage from stress, including the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
Different Roof Types
Different Roof Types
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