A rooftop is part of your building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building which it includes, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of development and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that protects against sun rays but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure may provide additional liveable space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the design of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.
The construction of the roof depends upon its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof top is pitched. The pitch is the position of which the roof increases from its least expensive to highest point. Most US home architecture, except in very dried locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes might remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and looks. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In locations where there is little rainwater, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the need for a sloping roof top.
A person that specializes in roof top construction is called a roofer.The durability of your rooftop is a matter of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of the building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or devastation can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof covering is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof covering are a factor in its framework and the decision of roofing material.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous materials specifically, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the exterior coating often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against heat and cold, sound, dirt and frequently from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between your tiles and the roofing surface, it can reduce heating system caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are believed or plastic sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed directly below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become significantly popular, and sometimes are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof can have problems with problems like the formation of snow dams about the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on upper elements of the rooftop to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when warmth escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those details melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural harm from stress, including the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
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