A roof structure is part of any building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which provides protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The term denotes the framing or structure which helps that covering also.[1]The characteristics of your roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building that this includes, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of construction and wider principles of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing may also provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the design of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated wine glass, copper (see: copper roof), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and wood shakes and shingles.
The construction of the roof is determined by its approach to support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the rooftop is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dried out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of traditions and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost smooth roof with a slight run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes take away the need for a sloping roofing also.
A person that specializes in roof structure construction is called a roofer.The durability of an roof is a subject of matter because the roof is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its devastation or damage can have serious results.
Because the reason for a roof structure is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof covering are a consideration in its framework and the choice of roofing material.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous material especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside level. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, sound, dirt and grime and frequently from the lice and droppings of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce heat caused by the sun.Types of insulation are believed or plastic material sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed directly below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular increasingly, and in some instances are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof covering can have problems with problems including the formation of snow dams throughout the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on top elements of the roof to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams arise when warmth escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true items melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This may result in structural harm from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
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