A roof top is part of the building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which gives protection from pets or animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of your roof are centered upon the purpose of the building which it covers, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of development and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure may also provide additional living space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of parts of the world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and lumber shakes and shingles.
The construction of any roof depends upon its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up roof is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint of which the roof goes up from its minimum to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried up regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might take away the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and appearance. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially to do with practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In parts where there is little rainfall, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides enough protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the dependence on a sloping rooftop.
A person that specializes in roof top construction is called a roofer.The durability of an roof top is a subject of matter because the roofing is usually the least accessible part of the building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or harm can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof top is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roofing are a factor in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous materials particularly, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is installed under the outer covering often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against temperature and cold, noise, dirt and often from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed giving a space between the tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating system caused by the sun.Types of insulation are felt or plastic material sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed directly below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular more and more, and in some cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roofing can have problems with problems like the formation of ice dams across the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on top parts of the roofing to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams appear when warmth escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those items melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural damage from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
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