A roof structure is part of an building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The term denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering also.[1]The characteristics of the roof are reliant upon the purpose of the building so it covers, the available roofer materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that helps to protect against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of any garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof might provide additional liveable space, for example a roof top garden.The elements in the design of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and hardwood shakes and shingles.
The construction of the roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof top is pitched. The pitch is the perspective of which the roof increases from its most affordable to highest point. Most US domestic structures, except in very dried out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and custom. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roof, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes remove the dependence on a sloping roof top also.
Somebody who specializes in roofing construction is called a roofer.The durability of the roof structure is a matter of concern because the roofing is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or damage can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof top are a concern in its composition and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof covering materials, specifically those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the external coating. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against heat and cold, noises, dirt and frequently from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating system caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are plastic material or felt sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed below the tiles or other materials straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become increasingly popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roofer can have problems with problems including the formation of ice dams across the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on upper parts of the rooftop to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams occur when warmth escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true tips melts, refreezing as it drips over the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can bring about structural damage from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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Conversely pitch times run in feet = Height difference
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