A roof top is part of a building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which provides protection from family pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building it addresses, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of construction and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that helps to protect against sun light but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing might provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the look of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated wine glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.
The construction of any roof depends upon its approach to support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the rooftop is pitched. The pitch is the position of which the roof increases from its minimum to highest point. Most US home structures, except in very dried up locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and tradition. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, also to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost flat roof with a slight run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes remove the dependence on a sloping roof also.
A person that specializes in roofing construction is named a roofer.The durability of a roof is a subject of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or devastation can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roofing is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof are a thought in its structure and the choice of roofing materials.Some roof materials, those of natural fibrous material especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside layer. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, noise, mud and frequently from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed departing a space between the tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce home heating caused by the sun.Types of insulation are clear plastic or believed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed immediately below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular progressively more, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof covering can have problems with problems including the formation of snow dams surrounding the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on upper elements of the roof top to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams occur when heating escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can lead to structural damage from stress, including the damage of drainage and gutter systems.
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Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing might provide additional liveable space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the look of a roofing are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated wine glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.