A roof is part of your building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The term denotes the framing or composition which facilitates that covering also.[1]The characteristics of the roof are centered upon the goal of the building that it includes, the available roofer materials and the local traditions of building and wider principles of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or countrywide legislation. In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing could also provide additional living space, for example a rooftop garden.The elements in the design of a roof are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of a roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In many parts of the globe ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM plastic, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and lumber shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof covering is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof rises from its most affordable to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dry regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might remove the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and appearance. So the pitch is partly dependent after stylistic factors, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roof, for example thatch, require a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainfall, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the need for a sloping roofing.
A person that specializes in rooftop construction is named a roofer.The durability of your roof is a subject of concern because the rooftop is often the least accessible part of any building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or devastation can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a rooftop is to safeguard people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the roofing are a consideration in its framework and the decision of roofing material.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous material specifically, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the outer level often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against warmth and cold, noise, mud and frequently from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce home heating caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are believed or plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other materials straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular ever more, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roof covering can have problems with problems including the formation of ice dams about the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on upper elements of the roof covering to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams happen when warmth escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true tips melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the lower points. This can lead to structural destruction from stress, like the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
Conversely pitch times run in feet = Height difference
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