A roof is part of any building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The term denotes the framing or composition which supports that covering also.[1]The characteristics of the roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building that it protects, the available roof covering materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the look of a rooftop are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of parts of the world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and hardwood shingles and shakes.
The construction of your roof depends upon its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roofing is pitched. The pitch is the perspective of which the roof increases from its minimum to highest point. Most US home structures, except in very dried regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern engineering elements such as drainpipes might take away the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of custom and appearance. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rain, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes remove the need for a sloping roof top also.
Somebody who specializes in roof top construction is called a roofer.The durability of the roof top is a subject of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof covering is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your rooftop are a thought in its framework and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof materials, those of natural fibrous materials especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the external covering. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against warmth and cold, sound, dirt and often from the droppings and lice of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between your tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce heating up caused by the sun.Types of insulation are believed or clear plastic sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material immediately; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become progressively more popular, and occasionally are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems such as the formation of glaciers dams across the overhanging eaves in winter, causing normal water from melted snow on top elements of the roof structure to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams appear when warmth escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true things melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the lower points. This can cause structural damage from stress, like the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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