A roof structure is part of a building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of a building or shelter which provides protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of the roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building which it protects, the available roof covering materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider principles of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that protects against natural light but admits the other elements. The roof of the garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top could also provide additional living space, for example a roof top garden.The elements in the look of a roof top are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated a glass, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofing materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and timber shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roofing is pitched. The pitch is the viewpoint at which the roof increases from its least expensive to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried locations, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and custom. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, require a steep pitch to become waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rain, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides sufficient protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping rooftop.
Somebody who specializes in roofing construction is called a roofer.The durability of an roof covering is a subject of concern because the rooftop is usually the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or damage can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof structure is to safeguard people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof structure are a account in its structure and the choice of roofing materials.Some roof materials, those of natural fibrous materials particularly, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the external covering often. In developed countries, the majority of dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a ceiling is to insulate against high temperature and cold, noises, mud and often from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed leaving a space between your tiles and the roofing surface, it can reduce home heating caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are plastic material or believed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become popular increasingly, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems including the formation of snow dams across the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on top parts of the roof to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when high temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those items melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This may bring about structural harm from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
Rafter layout
Rafter Layout
Layout detail of the rafters for our rear l and front r roofs.
Ceiling Joist and and Rafter Framing Details Home Owners NetworkHome
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