A rooftop is part of a building envelope. It's the covering on the uppermost part of your building or shelter which gives protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are dependent upon the goal of the building so it covers, the available roofing materials and the local traditions of development and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of an garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure could also provide additional living space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the design of a roof top are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of your roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofer), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof material for centuries, if not millennia. Other roofer materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and timber shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof structure is pitched. The pitch is the position at which the roof increases from its lowest to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dried out parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of traditions and aesthetics. So the pitch is dependent after stylistic factors partly, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on the steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In locations where there is little rainwater, an almost level roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also take away the need for a sloping roof.
Somebody who specializes in roofing construction is called a roofer.The durability of any roof covering is a subject of matter because the roof covering is often the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or harm can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roofing are a thought in its composition and the decision of roofing materials.Some roof covering materials, particularly those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is installed under the outside layer often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against heating and cold, noise, dirt and grime and often from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed giving a space between the tiles and the roofing surface, it can reduce heating up caused by the sun.Types of insulation are plastic or experienced sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed directly below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular more and more, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof can have problems with problems including the formation of ice dams across the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on higher elements of the rooftop to penetrate the roofing material. Ice dams arise when high temperature escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This can lead to structural damage from stress, including the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
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