A roof top is part of any building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of the building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building that it covers, the available roof materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah might be roofed with material that protects against sunshine but admits the other elements. The roof of your garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof might provide additional living space, for example a roofing garden.The elements in the look of a roof top are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of any roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the planet ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of a roof depends upon its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof goes up from its minimum to highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dried areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes may remove the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and aesthetics. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and to do with practicalities partially.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, require a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rain, an almost level roof with hook run-off provides enough protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes remove the need for a sloping roof structure also.
A person that specializes in roof covering construction is named a roofer.The durability of your roof top is a matter of concern because the roof is usually the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or damage can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof is to safeguard people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof structure are a account in its structure and the decision of roofing material.Some roof covering materials, those of natural fibrous materials specifically, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is installed under the external covering often. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against heating and cold, noises, dirt and often from the droppings and lice of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be used as insulation. When installed going out of a space between the tiles and the roof surface, it can reduce heating up caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are plastic or noticed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other materials directly; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become increasingly popular, and in some instances are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof covering can suffer from problems such as the formation of ice dams throughout the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing normal water from melted snow on higher elements of the roofing to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams take place when heating escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true factors melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can lead to structural damage from stress, like the damage of gutter and drainage systems.
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