A rooftop is part of any building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of your building or shelter which gives protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, wind and sunlight. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of any roof are reliant upon the goal of the building so it includes, the available roof covering materials and the local traditions of development and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack manufactured from date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof top may also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof structure garden.The elements in the look of a rooftop are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In lots of parts of the globe ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofer materials for centuries, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon fabric, TPO, and timber shakes and shingles.
The construction of any roof is determined by its approach to support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up roofing is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof goes up from its least expensive to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dried up areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern engineering elements such as drainpipes might take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of traditions and looks. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roofing, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost even roof with hook run-off provides enough protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes remove the dependence on a sloping roof structure also.
Somebody who specializes in rooftop construction is called a roofer.The durability of a roof covering is a subject of matter because the roof is often the least accessible part of the building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or harm can have serious results.
Because the purpose of a roof structure is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the roof structure are a factor in its structure and the decision of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, specifically those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the exterior coating. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against temperature and cold, noises, dirt and grime and frequently from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed leaving a space between the tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating up caused by the sun.Types of insulation are vinyl or noticed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material straight; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular more and more, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof can suffer from problems including the formation of ice dams across the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on higher elements of the rooftop to penetrate the roofing materials. Ice dams appear when heating escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those items melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This can result in structural damage from stress, including the destruction of gutter and drainage systems.
Roof Framing Geometry: How to Layout Jack Rafter Side Cut Angles using
With a simple drawing showing a jack rafter layout board it would have
roof shapes click on the roof shapes to display their trussed rafter
Shed Roof Question Rafter Layout Building amp; Construction DIY
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