A roof is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, rain or snow notably, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The term also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are reliant upon the goal of the building which it covers, the available roofing materials and the neighborhood traditions of building and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or nationwide legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that shields against natural light but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA rooftop might provide additional liveable space, for example a roof structure garden.The elements in the design of a rooftop are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated goblet, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of parts of the world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof material for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, polyurethane foam, PVC, slate, Teflon textile, TPO, and solid wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched. The pitch is the position at which the roof rises from its lowest to highest point. Most US local architecture, except in very dried up parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes might take away the dependence on pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and traditions. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch to become durable and waterproof. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainwater, an almost flat roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes remove the need for a sloping roof top also.
A person that specializes in roof top construction is called a roofer.The durability of your rooftop is a subject of concern because the roof covering is usually the least accessible part of your building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or devastation can have serious effects.
Because the reason for a roof top is to protect people and their possessions from climatic elements, the insulating properties of your roof are a concern in its structure and the choice of roofing material.Some roofing materials, specifically those of natural fibrous material, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the outer covering. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against temperature and cold, noise, dirt and grime and frequently from the lice and droppings of birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed giving a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating system caused by the sun.Types of insulation are vinyl or noticed sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed directly below the tiles or other materials; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become ever more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly protected and ventilated roof can suffer from problems including the formation of snow dams around the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on top parts of the roof structure to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams happen when warmth escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those true factors melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This may cause structural destruction from stress, like the devastation of gutter and drainage systems.
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