A rooftop is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of your building or shelter which gives protection from pets and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, sunlight and wind. The word also denotes the framing or structure which supports that covering.[1]The characteristics of an roof are based mostly upon the purpose of the building that it protects, the available roof covering materials and the neighborhood traditions of development and wider ideas of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with material that defends against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof structure may provide additional liveable space, for example a roof garden.The elements in the look of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast concrete. In many parts of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roofing materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and real wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of the roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof top is pitched. The pitch is the angle at which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US home architecture, except in very dried up parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern development elements such as drainpipes may take away the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of aesthetics and tradition. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roof, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In locations where there is little rainwater, an almost chiseled roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes take away the dependence on a sloping roof also.
A person that specializes in roof covering construction is called a roofer.The durability of the roof is a subject of concern because the roof covering is often the least accessible part of an building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its harm or devastation can have serious results.
Because the reason for a roof structure is to safeguard people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of a roof are a factor in its structure and the choice of roofing materials.Some roofing materials, those of natural fibrous material specifically, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that do not, extra insulation is often installed under the external layer. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a roof is to insulate against heat and cold, sound, dirt and grime and often from the lice and droppings of wild birds who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed departing a space between your tiles and the rooftop surface, it can reduce heating up caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are plastic or sensed sheeting, sometimes with a reflective surface, installed below the tiles or other materials immediately; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular progressively, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are thought as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roof covering can have problems with problems like the formation of snow dams throughout the overhanging eaves in winter, causing normal water from melted snow on higher parts of the roof top to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams happen when temperature escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true points melts, refreezing as it drips across the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the lower points. This may lead to structural harm from stress, like the devastation of drainage and gutter systems.
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