A roof is part of your building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of an building or shelter which gives protection from pets or animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but also heat, sunlight and wind. The term denotes the framing or framework which supports that covering also.[1]The characteristics of your roof are dependent upon the goal of the building so it addresses, the available roof covering materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and may also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects mainly against rain. A verandah may be roofed with material that protects against sunlight but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date palm branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roofing could also provide additional liveable space, for example a roof top garden.The elements in the design of a roof structure are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range from banana leaves, wheaten straw or seagrass to laminated wine glass, copper (see: copper roofing), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of parts of the earth ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof covering materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM silicone, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and wood shingles and shakes.
The construction of your roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and set up rooftop is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof goes up from its minimum to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dry parts, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern building elements such as drainpipes might remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of looks and custom. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially regarding practicalities.
Some types of roofer, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be durable and waterproof. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a comparatively low angle. In areas where there is little rain, an almost smooth roof with hook run-off provides adequate protection against an intermittent downpour. Drainpipes take away the need for a sloping roof top also.
Somebody who specializes in roof construction is called a roofer.The durability of your roof covering is a matter of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its devastation or destruction can have serious effects.
Because the purpose of a roof top is to protect people and their property from climatic elements, the insulating properties of the rooftop are a awareness in its structure and the decision of roofing material.Some roofer materials, those of natural fibrous material especially, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For all those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the outside coating. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The purpose of a roof is to insulate against warmth and cold, noises, dirt and grime and often from the lice and droppings of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Cement tiles can be used as insulation. When installed departing a space between your tiles and the roof top surface, it can reduce home heating caused by sunlight.Types of insulation are plastic material or noticed sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed below the tiles or other material immediately; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that can be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs have become progressively more popular, and in some full cases are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly insulated and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems including the formation of glaciers dams surrounding the overhanging eaves in winter, causing water from melted snow on higher parts of the roof to permeate the roofing materials. Ice dams occur when heat escapes through the uppermost part of the roof, and the snow at those true points melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting in the form of ice at the low points. This may cause structural damage from stress, including the destruction of drainage and gutter systems.
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