A roof structure is part of an building envelope. It is the covering on the uppermost part of any building or shelter which gives protection from animals and weather, notably rain or snow, but heat also, wind and sunlight. The word denotes the framing or structure which helps that covering also.[1]The characteristics of your roof are based mostly upon the goal of the building which it covers, the available roof materials and the neighborhood traditions of construction and wider concepts of architectural design and practice and could also be governed by local or national legislation. In most countries a roof protects against rain primarily. A verandah might be roofed with materials that helps to protect against sun light but admits the other elements. The roof of a garden conservatory protects plants from cold, wind, and rain, but admits light.
Shack made of date hand branches at Neot Semadar, IsraelA roof covering might provide additional liveable space, for example a roof top garden.The elements in the design of a roof covering are:the materialthe constructionthe durabilityThe material of the roof may range between banana leaves, wheaten seagrass or straw to laminated cup, copper (see: copper roof covering), aluminium sheeting and pre-cast cement. In lots of elements of the global world ceramic tiles have been the predominant roof materials for years and years, if not millennia. Other roof covering materials include asphalt, coal tar pitch, EPDM rubber, Hypalon, reboundable foam, PVC, slate, Teflon cloth, TPO, and timber shakes and shingles.
The construction of an roof is determined by its method of support and the way the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof structure is pitched. The pitch is the angle of which the roof goes up from its lowest to highest point. Most US local structures, except in very dry out areas, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern structure elements such as drainpipes might remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of appearance and tradition. So the pitch is dependent upon stylistic factors partly, and to do with practicalities partly.
Some types of roof covering, for example thatch, need a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other styles of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable over a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rainfall, an almost even roof with hook run-off provides satisfactory protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof structure.
Somebody who specializes in roof construction is named a roofer.The durability of any roof top is a matter of matter because the roof covering is usually the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its destruction or harm can have serious results.
Because the reason for a rooftop is to protect people and their belongings from climatic elements, the insulating properties of an roof structure are a factor in its structure and the choice of roofing material.Some roof materials, especially those of natural fibrous materials, such as thatch, have excellent insulating properties. For those that not, extra insulation is often installed under the exterior layer. In developed countries, nearly all dwellings have a ceiling installed under the structural members of the roof. The goal of a ceiling is to insulate against high temperature and cold, sound, dirt and grime and frequently from the droppings and lice of parrots who frequently choose roofs as nesting places.
Concrete tiles can be utilized as insulation. When installed going out of a space between the tiles and the roofing surface, it can reduce warming caused by sunlight.Forms of insulation are thought or plastic material sheeting, with a reflective surface sometimes, installed immediately below the tiles or other material; synthetic foam batting laid above the ceiling and recycled paper products and other such materials that may be inserted or sprayed into roof cavities. So called Cool roofs are becoming popular increasingly, and in some instances are mandated by local codes. Cool roofs are defined as roofs with both high reflectivity and high thermal emittance.
Poorly covered and ventilated roof covering can suffer from problems like the formation of ice dams about the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing drinking water from melted snow on higher elements of the roofing to permeate the roofing material. Ice dams take place when warmth escapes through the uppermost area of the roof, and the snow at those factors melts, refreezing as it drips along the shingles, and collecting by means of ice at the low points. This can cause structural harm from stress, including the damage of gutter and drainage systems.
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roof shapes click on the roof shapes to display their trussed rafter
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